英文词源
- napkin
- napkin: [15] Latin mappa meant ‘cloth’ (it is the source of English map). As it passed into Old French its m became transformed into an n, producing nappe. This was borrowed into English as the long-defunct nape ‘cloth’, which, with the addition of the diminutive suffix -kin, has bequeathed napkin to modern English. The abbreviation nappy dates from the early 20th century. From derivatives of Old French nappe English also gets apron and napery [14].
=> apron, map - napkin (n.)
- late 14c., "a table napkin," from nape "a tablecloth" (from Old French nape "tablecloth, cloth cover, towel," from Latin mappa; see map (n.)) + Middle English -kin "little." No longer felt as a diminutive. The Old French diminutive was naperon (see apron). The shift of Latin -m- to -n- was a tendency in Old French (conter from computare, printemps from primum, natte "mat, matting," from matta). Middle English also had naperie "linen objects; sheets, tablecloths, napkins, etc.;" also, "place where the linens are kept."
中文词源
napkin(餐巾):宴会上使用的小桌布
现在宴会上用的纸制小餐巾,英语叫napkin, 过去曾一度是大块方形的亚麻织品。这种大型餐巾,在银制餐具出现以后相当长一段时间仍还被当作是一种“优美”、“雅致”、“富贵”的象征,甚至到了19世纪90年代,它仍然是高级宴会的一个重要组成部分。
英语单词napkin由古法语nape(桌布)和中古英语kin(小)构成,字面意思就是“小桌布”。“桌布”在现代英语叫tablecloth,过去叫napery,就是从古法语词nape来的。
napkin:['næpkin] n.餐巾,餐巾纸,尿布
napery:['neipəri] n.桌布,餐桌用布,抹布,家用亚麻布
该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版:napkin 词源,napkin 含义。
napkin:餐巾布,餐巾纸
来自拉丁语mappa,布,词源同map,-kin,小词后缀。引申词义餐巾布,餐巾纸。
napkin:餐巾
现指“餐巾”的napkin一词源于拉丁语mappa‘cloth’(布),但却是从古法语nape‘tablecloth’(桌布)演变过来,再加上指小后缀形成的,因此napkin带有“小桌布”的含义。另有一个词napery(桌布,餐巾)也源自nape。还有一个词apron(围裙),若究其根源,也有亲缘关系。古法语nape之派生形式naperon进入中古英语作napron,以后napron首字母转附到前面的不定冠词a上,遂变成apron这一形式。
napkin:餐巾
现在宴会上用的纸作的小餐巾,英语叫napkin,过去曾一度是大块方形的亚麻织品。这种大型餐巾,在银制餐具出现以后相当长一段时间仍还被当作是一种“优美”、“雅致”、“富贵”的象征,甚至到了19世纪90年代,它仍然是高级宴会的一个重要组成部分。
“桌布”,现代英语叫tablecloth,过去却叫napery,是从古法语词nape来的。Napkin从字面上讲,就是“小桌布”的意思。
Nape还派生出naperon(围裙)。这个词被借入中古英语。“一条围裙”,起初写作a naperon,但由于印刷错误,误将和n排在一起,成了an aperon;aperon后又简称apron,以致以讹传讹,成了今天的an apron。
上面的nape,napery,naperon,napkin等词都来自拉丁词mappa,意思是“布”。
napkin:餐巾
词根nap源自拉丁语mappa(布),先是在传入古法语的过程中字母m转变为n,后再传入英语。单词map(地图)与它同源。后缀-kin指“小”,如lambkin(小羊),manikin(侏儒),cannikin(小罐)等。所以napkin的字面义为“小块布”。