英文词源
- trivial
- trivial: [15] Medieval educationists recognized seven liberal arts: the lower three, grammar, logic, and rhetoric, were known as the trivium, and the upper four, arithmetic, astronomy, geometry, and music, were known as the quadrivium. The notion of ‘less important subjects’ led in the 16th century to the use of the derived adjective trivial for ‘commonplace, of little importance’. Latin trivium itself was a compound noun formed from the prefix tri- ‘three’ and via ‘way, road’, and originally meant ‘place where three roads meet’.
=> three, via - trivial (adj.)
- "ordinary" (1580s); "insignificant, trifling" (1590s), from Latin trivialis "common, commonplace, vulgar," literally "of or belonging to the crossroads," from trivium "place where three roads meet," in transferred use, "an open place, a public place," from tri- "three" (see three) + via "road" (see via). The sense connection is "public," hence "common, commonplace."
The earliest use of the word in English was early 15c., a separate borrowing in the academic sense "of the trivium" (the first three liberal arts -- grammar, rhetoric, and logic); from Medieval Latin use of trivialis in the sense "of the first three liberal arts," from trivium, neuter of the Latin adjective trivius "of three roads, of the crossroads." Related: Trivially. For sense evolution to "pertaining to useless information," see trivia.
中文词源
trivial(琐碎的):妇女们在三条道路交叉处的闲聊之事
中国有句古话,叫做“三个女人一台戏”,意思是三个女人凑一块就会叽叽喳喳地闲聊开,热闹得像唱戏一样。古代罗马人想必对此也深有体会。他们认为,三条道路汇集之地,必然会有妇女聚集在一起叽叽喳喳扯些家长里短的琐碎之事。英语单词trivial就反映了古人的这种观念。该词来自拉丁语trivialis(平常的、普通的),而后者来自拉丁语trivium,由tri(three,三)+via(way,道路)构成,意思就是三条道路汇聚之地。因此单词trivial的本意就是妇女们在路口闲聊所说的事,自然是琐碎的、无关紧要的。
trivial: ['trɪvɪəl] adj.琐碎的,无关紧要的
该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版:trivial 词源,trivial 含义。
trivial:琐屑的,不重要的,平凡的
关于该词的来源存在两种说法,但只是略有差别。
其一,源于拉丁语 trivium,而trivium 系由tri- 'three' 加 via 'way,road'构成,故字面义为“三条路的会合点”或“十字路口”。古罗马妇女从市场回家的路上,喜欢停在十字路口同人闲聊,内容自然是些无关紧要或琐碎的事情。 其二,来源于意为“三艺”的拉丁语 trivium。什么是“三艺”?古罗马中世纪大学的文科有七门学科,称文科“七艺”。“七艺”可分为“四艺”和“三艺”两类。“四艺”,即quadrivium,指算术、几何、音乐和天文;“三艺”,即 trivium,指语法、修辞和逻辑。在两类学科中,“三艺”被认为是不重要的、低级的、普通的学科。
以上不论是哪种说法,都肯定英语trivial 一词源于拉丁语trivium 。其实“三艺”一义也是从“十字路口”引申的。更确切地说,trivial 是直接从trivium 的形容词形式 trivialis 演变过来的,15世纪进入英语,故最初含有of the crossroads (十字路口的)和belonging to the trivium(三艺的)之义。其含义“琐屑的”、“不重要的”、“平凡的”等都是16世纪以后从这一原义引申的。
与 trivial 相关的词除了 trivium (三艺),quadrivium(四艺)被直接借入英语外,我们发现还有trivia 一词。严格地说来,trivia 是trivium 原拉丁文的复数形式,但它进入英语却是从trivial 逆生而成的,一般用以指“琐碎事”。
trivial:琐事的,小事的
trivia,琐事,小事,-al,形容词后缀。
trivial:琐事的,小事的
trivia,琐事,小事,-al,形容词后缀。