英文词源
- para- (1)
- before vowels, par-, word-forming element meaning "alongside, beyond; altered; contrary; irregular, abnormal," from Greek para- from para (prep.) "beside, near, issuing from, against, contrary to," from PIE *prea, from root *per- (1) "forward, through" (see per). Cognate with Old English for- "off, away."
- para- (2)
- word-forming element meaning "defense, protection against; that which protects from," from Italian para, imperative of parare "to ward off," from Latin parare "make ready" (see pare).
中文词源
para-：在旁，相对，在上，在下，保护。
来自PIE *per, 向前，穿过，词源同单词for. 由旁边引申出周围，由周围引申出上，下，朝前，向后等截然相反的词义。
1.在旁，周围。见parameter, parallel.
2.相对。见paradox.
3.在上。见parapsychology(通灵学），paranormal(超自然现象）。
4.在下。见paramilitary(准军事），paralegal(律师助理）。
5.防御，保护，来自词根par, 准备，词源同prepare. 见parasol, parachute.
该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：para- 词源，para- 含义。
para-：在旁，在周围，辅助，准，超过，相反，保护，防御
来自希腊语para,靠近，在边上，向前，相反，相对，来自PIE*per,穿过，向前，词源同for,from.词义“防御，保护”来自拉丁语parare,准备，挡开，词源同prepare.该前缀体现了一种矛盾性，其矛盾性来自于其基本义“离开，向前”，一方面有先行者优势，另一方面有先行者劣势，比较peril,expert.