英文词源
- malaria
- malaria: [18] The original English term for an ‘attack of malarial fever’ was ague. The word malaria did not come on the scene until the mid- 18th century. It was borrowed from Italian mal’aria, a conflation of mala aria, literally ‘bad air’. This was an allusion to the former belief that malaria was caused by foul air, and particularly by vapours given off by swamps.
=> air, malign - malaria (n.)
- 1740, from Italian mal'aria, from mala aria, literally "bad air," from mala "bad" (fem. of malo, from Latin malus; see mal-) + aria "air" (see air (n.1)). Probably first used by Italian physician Francisco Torti (1658-1741). The disease, now known to be mosquito-borne, once was thought to be caused by foul air in marshy districts. Replaced native ague.
中文词源
malaria(疟疾):由脏空气引发的疾病
疟疾(malaria)是一种由于疟蚊叮咬引发的传染病。在古代罗马城周围有许多沼泽,沼泽附件的空气又脏又臭,在沼泽附近待的时间一久,人就容易得疟 疾。当时的罗马人不知道疟疾是因为疟蚊叮咬引发的,还以为是脏空气引发的,所以将这种病称为malaria,由mal(bad)+aria(air)构 成,字面意思就是“脏空气”。英语单词malaria就来自意大利语malaria。
malaria:[mə'leərɪə] n.疟疾,痢疾,瘴气
malarial:[mə'lɛrɪəl] adj.疟疾的,患疟疾的,毒气的
该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版:malaria 词源,malaria 含义。
malaria:疟疾,瘴气
来自意大利语mala aria,坏空气,来自mala,坏的,邪恶的,aria,空气,词源同air.因古代观念认为疟疾,瘴气等疾病是由恶臭的空气引起的。
malaria:疟疾
该词源自意大利语短语mala aria,字面义相当于英语bad air(污浊或有毒的空气),因为昔日人们误认为称作malaria的疾病,即疟疾乃沼泽地散发出的气体,即瘴气所毁。该词始用于18世纪中期。到了19世纪后半期,当人们发现疟疾是由按蚊( anopheles)传布时,便给疟疾重新下了定义,但却保留了原有的名称。
malaria:疟疾
前缀mal表“坏”,如malice(恶意),同样成分在刚发过得dismal(阴沉的)中也有出现;-ar-为词根“空气”,你一定看出它和单词air的相似之处了;后缀-ia可表示疾病,如hysteria(癔病)。因为最早注意到疟疾的罗马士兵以为它是由沼泽附近的腐败空气所致。