英文词源
- guard
- guard: [15] Prehistoric West Germanic *warthōn produced English ward. It was borrowed into Vulgar Latin as *wardāre, and following the general phonetic trend by which Germanic initial w became g(u) in the Romance languages, it produced Italian guardare, Spanish guardar, and French garder. The noun derived from the latter, garde, gave English guard. Guardian [15], borrowed from Old French gardien, has a doublet in warden.
=> ward - guard (n.)
- early 15c., "one who keeps watch, a body of soldiers," also "care, custody, guardianship," and the name of a part of a piece of armor, from Middle French garde "guardian, warden, keeper; watching, keeping, custody," from Old French garder "to keep, maintain, preserve, protect" (see guard (v.)). Abstract or collective sense of "a keeping, a custody" (as in bodyguard) also is from early 15c. Sword-play and fisticuffs sense is from 1590s; hence to be on guard (1640s) or off (one's) guard (1680s). As a football position, from 1889. Guard-rail attested from 1860, originally on railroad tracks and running beside the rail on the outside; the guide-rail running between the rails.
- guard (v.)
- mid-15c., from guard (n.) or from Old French garder "to keep watch over, guard, protect, maintain, preserve" (corresponding to Old North French warder, see gu-), from Frankish *wardon, from Proto-Germanic *wardon "to guard" (see ward (v.)). Italian guardare, Spanish guardar also are from Germanic. Related: Guarded; guarding.
中文词源
guard：看守，监护
词源同ward.
该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：guard 词源，guard 含义。
guard：哨兵，警卫
按语音学的观点,日耳曼语中的w在罗曼语系中会变为g(u);史前日耳曼语war-(看管,看护,谨慎,小心,--派生了英语词汇ward, award, reward, warn, wary, beware等)产生了意大利语guardare、西班牙语guardar和法语garder。法语garder不仅产生了英语词汇guard,其词干-gard-(看管,看护)在英语中还产生了regard等词汇。
同源词：garage, regard, ward, award, reward, warn, wary, beware, garrison
guard：守卫，看守
先说regard，re-前缀“往回”，gard为词根“注意，看”，因而它有“把...看做；注视”的意思。regard还表“尊敬”，可与respect（尊敬）的构词进行对比，两者的词根意思相近。单词guard和词根gard同源，表“注意，看”，引申为“看守”。