英文词源
- grenade
- grenade: [16] The original grenades were small spherical explosive-filled cases with a wick on top. In shape, they bore more than a passing resemblance to pomegranates. The Old French term for ‘pomegranate’ was pome grenate, or just grenate for short, and it was this abbreviated form, altered to grenade under the influence of the related Spanish granada, that was applied to the explosive device. Grenadier [17] came from the French derivative grenadier ‘grenadethrower’.
=> grain, grenadier, pomegranate - grenade (n.)
- "small explosive shell," thrown rather than discharged from a cannon, 1590s, earlier "pomegranate" (1520s), from Middle French grenade "pomegranate" (16c.), earlier grenate (12c.), from Old French pomegrenate (see pomegranate). Form influenced by Spanish granada. So called because the many-seeded fruit suggested the powder-filled, fragmenting bomb, or from similarities of shape. See pomegranate. Much used late 17c., they went out of use 18c. but were revived 20c.
中文词源
grenade（手榴弹）：状若石榴的炸弹
英语单词grenade（手榴弹）来自英语中表示“石榴”的单词pomegranate。之所以得此名称是因为早期的手榴弹形状很像石榴，而且里面填充的大量杀伤性碎片很像石榴里面的石榴籽。它的中文名称“手榴弹”中的“榴”指的就是“石榴”。
grenade：[grə'neɪd] n.手榴弹，手雷vt.扔手榴弹
该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：grenade 词源，grenade 含义。
grenade：手榴弹
来自pomegranate, 石榴。因其内装小铅弹如同石榴籽而得名。
grenade：手榴弹
古罗马人把热带水果石榴称作pomum granatum，字面义为“多籽果”(seedy apple)，古法语作pome grenate，英语名称pomegranate就是借自法语的。以后法语pome grenate简缩为grenate，受西班牙语对应词granada的影响，grenate又演变为grenade，英语把grenade吸收了过来，因此pomegranate和grenade一度是同义词，同指“石榴”。16世纪末，一种小型弹，即手榴弹问世了，因它形似石榴，故也称grenade。该词获得新义后，便和pomegra nate丹道扬镰，其原义渐渐丧失，而pomegranate则仍指“石榴”。到了17世纪，从grenade衍生出了grenadier（掷弹手）一词，1661年又出现了复合词hand grenade，进一步说明grenade是手投的。然而，只是在250多年后，即到了第一次世界大战手榴弹被大量用于堑壕战时，grenade才成了一个常用词。20世纪20年代芝加哥匪徒曾把grenade叫做pineapple（菠萝），而德国人在第一次世界大战期间所用的一端扁平另一端有柄的grenade则被称为potato masher，因为它的形状颇似熟洋芋捣烂器。