英文词源
- diploma
- diploma: [17] Etymologically, a diploma is a ‘folded paper’. It comes via Latin diplōma from Greek díplōma; this was a derivative of the verb diploun ‘fold’, which in turn came from diplous ‘double’ (a distant cousin of English double). Since official letters tended to be folded over, díplōma eventually came to mean ‘document, especially one issued by the government’ – the sense in which the word was acquired by English.
In the 17th and 18th centuries, the use of the derived Latin adjective diplōmaticus ‘relating to official documents’ with specific reference to the field of international relations led eventually to its French descendant, diplomatique, coming to mean ‘relating to international relations’. English acquired the word as diplomatic in the 18th century.
=> double - diploma (n.)
- 1640s, "state paper, official document," from Latin diploma, from Greek diploma "license, chart," originally "paper folded double," from diploun "to double, fold over," from diploos "double" (see diploid) + -oma. Specific academic sense is 1680s in English.
中文词源
diploma(证书):古罗马时期给蛮族雇佣军颁发的绿卡
在古罗马时期,当一个蛮族雇佣军在罗马军队中服役25年(海军26年)后,即可获得罗马公民权利。为此,罗马政府将为其提供一个凭证,就像现在的美国绿卡一样。这个凭证就是所谓的Roman Military Diploma(罗马军事证书)。它由两片铜片构成,里面刻有持有人的相关信息,还有政府的烙印。铜片上留有小孔,可以用铜丝穿过小孔,把它们对折起来。
英语单词diploma来自古希腊文diploma,由diploun (对折)和oma(物品)构成,字面意思就是“可以对折的物品”,最早指的就是这种可以对折的铜片证书。拥有这种证书的蛮族人,可以在罗马帝国的道路和边境自由通行。后来,diploma的词义扩展,可以表示政府颁发的各种证书,如大学的文凭。
十八世纪,法国人开始称呼他们与外国打交道的官员为diplomat,也就是“持有diploma的人”。由diplomat一词还衍生出diplomatic(外交的)和diplomacy(外交)等词。
diploma:[dɪ'pləʊmə] n.证书,文凭,公文
diplomat:['dɪpləmæt] n.外交官,外交家
diplomacy:[dɪ'pləʊməsɪ] n.外交
该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版:diploma 词源,diploma 含义。
diploma:文凭
di-, 二。-pl, 折叠,词源fold. -oma, 名词后缀。即对折的官方文件,引申义文凭。
diploma:文凭,毕业证书
今指“文凭”或“毕业证书”的diploma乃希腊语借词,该词在希腊语中的原义为letter folded double(对折的信件)或official document(公文)。另外,diplomat,diplomatic,diplomacy等亦均源于该词。diplomat原指持有diploma的政府官员,以后特指“外交官”;diplomatic起初表示“有关公文的”,随后表示“外交(上)的”,最后又由此引申出“有外交手腕的"或“老练的”一义;diplomacy别是英国政论家伯克(Edmund Burke,1729 - 1797) 1796年根据diplomat创造出来的一个词,用以表示“外交”或“外交手腕”。
diploma:学位证书,毕业文凭
原义是"对折的纸",来源于希腊语diplous(双的,是英语double的"远亲"),经由拉丁语diploma进入英语。
同源词:diplomat, diplomatic