英文词源
- apprentice (n.)
- c. 1300, from Old French aprentiz "someone learning" (13c., Modern French apprenti, taking the older form as a plural), also as an adjective, "unskilled, inexperienced," from aprendre (Modern French apprendre) "to learn; to teach," contracted from Latin apprehendere (see apprehend). Shortened form prentice long was more usual in English.
- apprentice (v.)
- 1630s, from apprentice (n.). Related: Apprenticed; apprenticing.
中文词源
apprentice(学徒):处于学习阶段的手工艺人
在古代西方的手工艺行业中,广泛采取学徒制(apprenticeship)的教育培训方式。学徒(apprentice)是手工艺行业中最低一级,要寄宿在行业中最高一级的master(师傅)家中充当学徒,一边为师傅干活,一边学习实习。通常要学习3到6年后才能出师,升为“熟练工”(journeyman)。在大多数手工艺行业公会中,工匠的职称一般都划分为“学徒”(apprentice)、“熟练工”(journeyman)和“师傅”(master)这三个级别。
英语单词apprentice来自古法语aprentiz(学习者),而后者来自动词aprendre。同样源自aprendre的英语单词是apprehend(理解)。
apprentice:[ə'prentɪs] n.学徒,生手vi.当学徒vt.使……当学徒
apprenticeship:[ə'prentɪ(s)ʃɪp] n.学徒制,学徒期,学徒身份
apprehend:[æprɪ'hend] vt.理解,逮捕,忧虑vi.理解,担心
该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版:apprentice 词源,apprentice 含义。
apprentice:学徒
发音释义:[ə'prentɪs] n. 学徒;生手vt. 使…当学徒vi. 当学徒
结构分析:apprentice = ap(=ad,去)+pren(学习)+ tice(名词后缀)→还在学习的人→学徒
词源解析:pren←拉丁语prendre(学习)←拉丁语prehendere(抓住、理解)
同源词:apprehend(理解、逮捕)
衍生词:prentice(学徒,缩写),apprenticeship(学徒期、学徒身份)
apprentice:学徒
意指“学徒”的apprentice 14世纪源自古法语aprendre‘learn’(学)的派生词aprentis‘someone learning’。在中世纪的行会( trade guild)里apprentice的级别最低,列下journeyman(计日工,熟练工)之下。