英文词源
- acrid
- acrid: [18] Acrid is related to acid, and probably owes its second syllable entirely to that word. It is based essentially on Latin acer ‘sharp, pungent’, which, like acid, acute, oxygen, and edge, derives ultimately from an Indo-European base *ak- meaning ‘be pointed or sharp’. When this was imported into English in the 18th century, the ending -id was artificially grafted on to it, most likely from the semantically similar acid.
=> acid, acrylic, acute, edge, eglantine, oxygen, paragon - acrid (adj.)
- 1712, formed irregularly from Latin acer (fem. acris) "sharp, pungent, bitter, eager, fierce," from PIE *akri- "sharp," from root *ak- "be sharp, rise (out) to a point, pierce" (cognates: Oscan akrid (ablative singular) "sharply;" Greek akis "sharp point," akros "at the farthest point, highest, outermost," akantha "thorn," akme "summit, edge;" also oxys "sharp, bitter;" Sanskrit acri- "corner, edge," acani- "point of an arrow," asrih "edge;" Lithuanian ašmuo "sharpness," akstis "sharp stick;" Old Lithuanian aštras, Lithuanian aštrus "sharp;" Old Church Slavonic ostru, Russian óstryj "sharp;" Old Irish er "high;" Welsh ochr "edge, corner, border;" Old Norse eggja "goad;" Old English ecg "sword"). The -id suffix probably is in imitation of acid. Acrious (1670s) is a correct formation, but seldom seen.
中文词源
acrid：辛辣的
发音释义：['ækrɪd] adj. 辛辣的；苦的；刻薄的
结构分析：acrid = acri（尖的) +d→尖锐的、刺痛的→辛辣的、苦的→刻薄的
词源解释：acri←原始印欧语akri（尖的）←原始印欧词根ak（尖、顶）
同源词：acrimony（辛辣，尖酸刻薄），acme（顶点），acrobat（杂技演员）
该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：acrid 词源，acrid 含义。
acrid：刺激的
来自词根acer, 酸的。
acrid：既苦又辣的，辛辣的
据传大约300年前一位英国化学家冥思苦索，欲找一个能表达bitterly pungent（既苦又辣的）这个意思的词。他最先想到的是acrimonious（辛辣的）和acid（酸苦的）。于是他索性取前者首部和后者尾部缩合成一词，这就是acrid。
acrid：辛辣的，刻薄的
词根词缀： -acr-尖,酸 + -id形容词词尾