desperate a. 绝望的(de去掉+sper+ate→去掉希望→绝望的)
desperation n. 绝望;拼命(desperate+ion)
desperado n. 亡命徒(de+sper+ado人→无希望之人→亡命徒)
despair v. 绝望(de 去掉+spair[=sper希望])
prosper v. 繁荣( pro前面+sper→希望在前面→繁荣)
prosperous a. 繁荣的(prosper+ous)
prosperity n. 繁荣昌盛(prosper+ity)
asperity n. 粗糙;严厉(a无+sper+ity→无希望→不给人希望→粗暴,严厉)